6. Geometry manager: pack

To position widgets in the MainWindow, you can use the origin property. An easier alternative is the geometry manager pack. A few examples:

Example 1

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons);

$mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
    text    => "Pack ex. 1",
    sizeMin => [250, 200],
    sizeMax => [250, 200],
    skin => 'flat',
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 10 },# side => 'top' can be omitted: 'top' is the default value
           text => "none - top - 10",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

run Prima;

Example 2

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons);

$mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
    text    => "Pack ex. 2",
    sizeMin => [250, 200],
    sizeMax => [250, 200],
    skin => 'flat',    
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'top', pad => 10 },# fill => 'x' increases the button size horizontally
           text => "x - top - 10",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

run Prima;

Example 3

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons);

my $mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
	text    => "Pack ex. 3",
	sizeMin => [250, 200],
	sizeMax => [250, 200],
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 10 },
           text => "none - top - 10",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'bottom', pad => 10 },
           text => "none - bottom - 10",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

run Prima;

Example 4

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons);

my $mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
	text    => "Pack ex. 4",
	sizeMin => [250, 200],
	sizeMax => [250, 200],
    skin => 'flat',	
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 20 },# horizontal and vertical external padding 20 
           text => "none - top - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 20 },
           text => "none - top - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 20 },
           text => "none - top - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

run Prima;

Example 5

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons Label);

my $mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
	text    => "Pack ex. 5",
	sizeMin => [425, 200], 
	sizeMax => [425, 200],
    skin => 'flat',	
);

$output = $mw-> insert( 
    Label => 
          pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 20 },
          text   => "Buttons on a row",
          autoHeight => 1,
          font   => { size => 18, },	
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },# horizontal and vertical external padding 20 
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

run Prima;

For now, this will do. If you like to experiment with other options, read the documentation: https://metacpan.org/dist/Prima/view/pod/Prima/Widget/pack.pod

6.1 How do I know my neighbour button?

I recommend to use always the object's name property in order to set properties of an object. So for the pushbuttons e.g.:

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },# horizontal and vertical external padding 20 
           name => "PB_1",
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },
           name => "PB_2",           
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },
           name => "PB_3",           
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

To set the background color of PB_2 to the white color, you could write:

$mw-> PB_2-> backColor(0xFFFFFF);

Alternatively, you can omit the name property and define an object like this:

$PB_2 = $mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'x', side => 'left', pad => 20 },
           text => "x - left - 20",
           onClick => sub { $::application-> close },
);

To set the background color of this button to the white color, you could write:

$PB_2-> backColor(0xFFFFFF);

6.2 Pushbutton again

The code of the previous section 4. Pushbutton can now be written as:

use Prima qw(Application Themes Buttons Label);

$mw = Prima::MainWindow-> create(
	text    => "Random",
	sizeMin => [250, 200], 
	sizeMax => [250, 200], 
);

$mw-> borderIcons(bi::SystemMenu); # system menu button and/or close button ( usually with icon ) is shown

$output = $mw-> insert( 
    Label => 
          pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 50 },
          size   => [50, 50],
          text   => "",
          font   => { size => 26, },	
);

$mw-> insert( 
    Button =>
           pack => { fill => 'none', side => 'top', pad => 50 },
           size => [150, 50], # explicit definition of size; otherwise Prima would determine       
           text => "Random number!",
           default => 1,
           onClick => sub {
		
                             $random_number = int(rand(100));
                             $output-> set(text => $random_number);

                          },
);

run Prima;

It's easy now to make a 'Guess My Number' game. But then we've to implement another widget: the Inputline. I'll discuss this in 8. Inputline